My Essays on Hakoah
Hakoah Vienna Lives On
Swimmers Against the Tide
100 Years of Hakoah
Today, a revived Hakoah Vienna is still going strong!
Hakoah Vienna women athletes who broke the boundaries, broke the records, and broke free.
I attended the 100 year gala for Hakoah Vienna.
The Night It Started
People speak of love at first sight. What happened to me one November evening in a darkened Boston theater was closer to a summons. My mother and I were there to screen the documentary, Watermarks, a film about the Hakoah Vienna women’s swim team in the 1930s. The now elderly but still vigorous women swimmers spoke of their idyllic Viennese girlhoods in an accented English – stern but affectionate, lilting but precise—I had heard only from my grandparents and elderly Austrian relatives. Their accents summoned me, as did my mother’s eyes, which were tear filled when the lights came on.
The film’s director, Yaron Zilberman, led a discussion after the screening, and when it ended, I rushed forward to tell him that I was going to write a novel for young people about the swimmers’ decision to boycott the 1936 Olympics. He did not ask if I’d written a novel before (I hadn’t), and scratched his email address in my notebook, soon connecting me to the swimmers from the film and their families. Over the following years, as I interviewed Hakoans in Vienna, London, Boston, and Israel, everyone said: “I will do whatever I can to help.” No one but me doubted I was up to the project.
And then came the Sunday afternoon I was invited for tea with the widow of Arthur Baar, the former assistant club director who had led their legendary soccer team.The tram ride to the outer district where Mrs. Barr lived was slow, and I arrived at her apartment 45 minutes late. She scolded me for keeping her waiting. Then she looked me over carefully, lingering on the tailored wool coat my mother had insisted I buy because one had to look nice when meeting people in Vienna.
I followed Mrs. Baar down a narrow hallway, past a spotless kitchen and into a modest sitting room. For several hours, she quietly chain smoked while I looked through her photograph albums, an unofficial archive of Hakoah history. Only recently had I realized that the “Austrian football team” my grandfather had boasted of playing for was in fact the Hakoah Vienna Sports Club. Mrs. Baar said she did not remember my grandfather. “Everyone came through our apartment,” she laughed. “Too many to count.”
Finally—there! I followed Mrs. Baar’s long arthritic finger to the script beneath yet another team photo of strapping young men. “Hirsch-Jersonofsky,” she read, and I held my breath as I traced the name to a player in the back row. Tufts of reddish hair stood up from his head. He had my brother’s square chin and broad, planked face. Mrs. Baar translated the German writing: “He was in the first football team. After he returned from the war he did not play.” Many of the people I’d met since that summons in the darkened theater had spoken of “the Hakoah family.” Now I knew why.
Hakoah Vienna: A History
Founded in Vienna in 1909 by a singer and a dentist, Hakoah (Hebrew for "the strength") grew into one of the world's most celebrated sports clubs. At a time when many European clubs excluded Jewish athletes, Hakoah championed the then radical idea that athletic excellence and Jewish identity belonged together. During the 1920s and '30s, its athletes dominated European amateur sports. The legendary soccer team drew crowds of 25,000 spectators (including Franz Kafka) and became the first continental club to defeat England's famed West Ham United on English soil. After the 1926 U.S. tour, many Hakoah players accepted offers from American professional clubs, especially the New York Giants and the Brooklyn Wanderers, and helped shaped soccer in the U.S. Hakoah swimmers broke world records, wrestlers won Olympic medals, and fencers, track athletes, and gymnasts competed at the highest international levels. Among Hakoah's most inspiring athletes were three teenage swimmers—Judith Deutsch, Lucie Goldner, and Ruth Langer—whose decision to boycott the 1936 Berlin Olympics became the inspiration for my novel Danube Swimmers. Today, a revived Hakoah Vienna Sports Club remains a symbol not only of athletic achievement but of courage, community, and the enduring power of sport to shape identity.
The entire Hakoah Vienna Soccer team prior to their match with the St. Louis All-Stars, on May 15th, 1926. Courtesy of St. Louis Kaplan Feldman Holocaust Museum, Jewish Community Archives.
Learn More
Sport Club Hakoah Wien
Arthur Baar
Watermarks
More than a century after its founding, the club continues today, carrying forward its remarkable legacy.
I spent an afternoon with his widow, Mrs. Baar, whose photograph albums helped me discover my grandfather.
The documentary that started everything.